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[edit] Toxicity

Consider all of the solvents below toxic - some more than others - read the label warnings before using.

[edit] Alphabetic list of useful solvents

111-trichloroethane 

 ??

1-Propoxy-2-propanol

see Propoxypropanol;

2-propanone 

See Acetone

Acetic acid methyl ester 

See Methyl acetate

Acetone 

Simplest example of the ketones. Acetone is miscible with water, ethanol, ether, etc. Serves as an important solvent. Nail polish remover, paint thinner. Thinning and cleaning fiberglass resins and epoxies. Strong solvent for most plastics and synthetic fibers. Dissolves two-part epoxies and superglue before hardening. Heavy-duty degreaser, it is useful in the preparation of metal prior to painting. Thins polyester resins, vinyl and adhesives. Glass and porcelain cleaner

Ammonia 

Household cleaner (5–10% by weight) particularly for glass

β-ketopropane

See Acetone

Carbinol 

See Methanol

diacetone alcohol (123-42-2) 

Dimethyl ketone

See Acetone

Gum turpentine 

See Turpentine

Ethanol 

Versatile solvent, miscible with water and with many organic solvents, including acetic acid, acetone, benzene, carbon tetrachloride, chloroform, diethyl ether, ethylene glycol, glycerol, nitromethane, pyridine, and toluene.

Ethyl acetate 

Moderately polar solvent, volatile, some Nail polish, decaffeinate coffee beans and tea leaves, chromatography, extraction solvent,

Ethyl alcohol

See Ethanol

IPA 

see Isopropanol

iso or isopro

see Isopropanol

Isopropanol also isopropanol

Dissolves a wide range of nonpolar compounds, cleaning electronic contacts, poor mans lens cleaner, glass cleaner - content in many household cleaners.

Isopropyl alcohol 

see Isopropanol

Methanol

Methanol is a common laboratory solvent. Denaturant(makes toxic) for ethanol. Lens cleaningm general solvent, antifreeze in pipelines and windshield washer fluid. fuel in camping and boating stoves. Methanol is toxic

Methyl acetate: glues or nail polish removers, similar to Ethyl acetate, extraction solvent.

Methyl Alcohol 

See Methanol

methyl isobutyl ketone (108-10-1)

methylated spirit

See ethanol, - denatured

Methylbenzene 

See Toluene

Methyl ethanoate 

See Methyl Acetate

Mineral Spirits 

A paraffin-derived clear, transparent liquid which is a common organic solvent used in painting and decorating. It was the predominant dry cleaning solvent in the United States from the late 1920s until the late 1950s. mineral spirits is used for cleaning and degreasing machine tools and parts. Mineral spirits it is said, "are especially effective in removing oils, greases, carbon, and other material from metal." Mineral spirits may also be used in conjunction with cutting oil as a thread cutting and reaming lubricant. Artists use mineral spirits as an alternative to turpentine because it is "less toxic". Used in paints, lacquers and varnishes. White spirit is the most widely used solvent in the paint industry. 50% of the contents in WD-40™

Mineral Turpentine 

See Mineral Spirits

n-butyl acetate (123-86-4) 

Naphtha 

any number of different flammable liquid mixtures of hydrocarbons, i.e. a distillation product from petroleum or coal tar boiling in a certain range and containing certain hydrocarbons, a broad term encompassing any volatile, flammable liquid hydrocarbon mixture. Ronsonol is marketed as a refill fluid for cigarette lighters - See Mineral spirits.

Oil of turpentine 

See Turpentine

phenylmethane ;

See Toluene

PnP

see Propoxypropanol

Propanone

See Acetone

Propan-2-one

See Acetone

Propoxypropanol  

an alcohol 1-5% of Formula 409™

propyl propasol

see Propoxypropanol

Propylene glycol monopropyl ether

see Propoxypropanol;

propylene glycol mono-n-propyl ether

see Propoxypropanol

Rubbing alcohol 

See Isopropanol

Spirit of turpentine 

See Turpentine

Stoddard solvent 

See mineral spirits - above.

Toluene 

, also known as methylbenzene or phenylmethane, is a clear, water-insoluble liquid with the typical smell of paint thinners, redolent of the sweet smell of the related compound benzene. It is an aromatic hydrocarbon that is widely used as an industrial feedstock and as a solvent. A common solvent, dissolves paints, paint thinners, silicone sealants, rubber, printing ink, adhesives (glues), lacquers, leather tanners, and disinfectants.

Turpentine 

Obtained by the distillation of resin from trees, mainly pine trees. As a solvent, turpentine is used for thinning oil-based paints, for producing varnishes, and as a raw material for the chemical industry. Its industrial use as a solvent in industrialized nations has largely been replaced by the much cheaper turpentine substitutes distilled from crude oil - see Mineral spirits.

White spirit 

See mineral spirits - above.

Wood turpentine 

See Turpentine

Wood alcohol, wood naphtha or wood spirits 

See methanol

Xylene 

or xylol refers to a mixture of three benzene derivatives which is used as a solvent in the printing, rubber, and leather industries. Xylene is a colorless, sweet-smelling liquid that is very flammable. It is also used as a cleaning agent for steel and for silicon wafers and chips, a pesticide, a thinner for paint, and in paints and varnishes. It may be substituted for toluene to thin lacquers where slower drying is desired. It is found in small amounts in airplane fuel and gasoline. In animal studies it is often swabbed on the ears of rabbits to facilitate blood flow and collection, although the area must subsequently be cleansed with alcohol to prevent inflammation. Xylene is also used as a fixation agent for animal tissues.